Hoarseness is usually caused by a problem in the vocal cords. Most cases of hoarseness are associated with inflammation of the larynx (laryngitis).
Hoarseness that lingers for weeks or months may be caused by a variety of problems. Some causes are minor, while others are serious.
Vocal cords are a pair of structures in our throat (our larynx) that vibrate. They are the source of all the sound we produce. When we are hoarse, something has changed about those vibrations,.
In order to diagnose a vocal cord problem that causes hoarseness, we need to look with a camera at the vocal cords and identify either a gap which is leaking air between the vocal cords, or some asymmetry between the cords causing them to vibrate at different pitches.
Common pathology found are vocal cord nodules and poyps